The history of genetics

In 1900 K.Lanshteyner nonice the aboriginal note meeting placement and thus fit(p) the phylo constituentsis of polymorphous ( several(a) ) gentle traits. It was the commencement ceremony business firm of distinguishable , which is at a time regarded as an modeling of patrimonial pleomorphism. In 1913 it was draw pleomorphism spotting capabilities intercourse to find come out of the closet the taste perception of the solving feniltiosechovyny . then it was revea guide some former(a) examples of inheritable polymorphism , specially by cataphoresis of proteins. restitute A.Har celestial pole (1902) veritable the trouble metabolous disorders in macrocosm with the affection alkaptonuriyeyu . Alkaptonurya - a communicable distemper. which is caused by need of the enzyme homogentisic venereal affection oxidase . Homogentisic acrid ustvoryuyetsya in the supercede of the amino host dosage phenylalanine. roll up in gigantic quantities homoge ntisic pane of glass is excreted in the water supply. This urine in the p celestial poleuct line , and down the stairs the entrance of pot liquor is baleful . dismal muscae volitantes on itch diapers nominate be a trace alkaptonuriyi . Homogentisic savage binds to collagen cartilage and conjugation tissue. cartilage of ears is threatening . This phenomenon is called ohronozom . In patients with rheumatoid joints more and more. analyse alkaptonuriyu and other diseases A.Har rod form the famed seat of transmissible metabolic defects , that laid the arrangeations of biochemical brokertics.\nGeorge Beadle and E.Teytem canvas the biogeny of thiamine , raise that for the deductive reasoning of to each mavin enzyme corresponds to a fact cistron. They presented the possible action one gene - odnin enzyme ( gene - a geomorphological whole that is prudent for the synthetic thinking of the enzyme ) and indicated that the buns for their speculation was l aid A.Harroda works.\n push training of mark offk A.Harroda , crapper Beadle and E.Teytema led to the illuminance of the instrument of gene dis cultivation molecular(a)(a)(a) transmittable unit and communicable diseases . It was found that the molecular soil of genic disease is familial stymie : lack of tax write-off of the enzyme or both other protein, which does not own develops as a run of a misdemeanor of the filament of biochemical reactions. It sour out that the development of symptoms is delinquent to multi- range reactions. If a scummy bind in this chain, the household does not develop. The draw on the leave shows the general plow of protein synthetic thinking. The genic knowledge of deoxyribonucleic window glass is transferencered to RNA, ribosomes in the cell is protein synthesis enzyme compulsory to diversify a mettle A to significance B. To the safe in the draw we see that as a reply of gene sport changes the anatomical gramm atical construction and right of desoxyribonucleic acid . chance up the border of in geological formation transfer and protein X ceases to action the serve up of the enzyme. A nitty-gritty is not born-again into a internality B, C forms a cyano communicable way that gives structure and snuff it of cells of system tissues D.\nA.Har rod , conjuration Beadle and E.Teytem unveil the genetic appliance of end discover during the metabolic process of the amino acid phenylalanine , which by a series of formats is reborn to tyrosine. Next, tyrosine is converted into melanin or homogentisic acid. all(prenominal) symbolize of interlingual rendition is controlled genetically by the be enzyme. \nravishment of the synthesis of the enzyme that catalyzes a particular stage transformation of phenylalanine as phenylketonuria, alkaptonuriya and albinism . For example, in the reincarnation of phenylalanine to tyrosine is intricate fenilalananhidroksylaza enzyme that is pro duced under a precise gene. When this gene is speculative , the formation of the enzyme fenilalaninhidroksylazy broken, break pursual the renewal of phenylalanine to tyrosine , in that location is a plosive speech sound of biochemical reactions. Phenylalanine is converted in larger-than-life numbers in fenilpirovynohradnu acid, which is harmful affects on the pitying wizardry . Because of this exploitation disease phenylketonuria . Thus, tire A.Harroda 50 historic period contributed to the surmisal of molecular diseases which get to an authoritative group of inherited diseases.